Sunday, 1 February 2026

Mitsubishi MC-20/Ki-57, Japan Airways Co.Ltd

A fairly well-known and very interesting photo, features a Mitsubishi MC-20 or Ki-57 Model 2, with Mitsubishi Ha-102 engines, found at the end of the war at Kumamoto Airfield, Kyoto.
Credit: photo found by Sebastian Sułek at the US Marine Corps archives and forwarded to Arawasi by our friend Danny Jackett (thanks, Danny).
The photo is also included in Joe Picarella's "Japanese Experimental Transport Aircraft of the Pacific War" p. 138.

 Let's see some details.
At the top of the tail there is a red band with a white or yellow border with the kanji "大日航" (DAI NICHI KO) in white, indicating that the aircraft was flown by "Dai Nippon Koku Kabushiki Kaisha" (Japan Airways Co.Ltd).

Almost at the bottom of the tail there is the number "43" in red with a white border. Note that it is painted over the camouflage. On the far right, on the rudder trim tab, we can see the aircraft's serial number applied in black on the uncamouflaged overall paint. I think I can make out a "3" but nothing else.

Curiously, on the rudder, under the camouflage, the aircraft had an older number(?) applied; maybe at the factory? Perhaps an "8"?

The aircraft sports surrender "green crosses" inside white squares, so maybe it was to be used to transport surrender delegations. 
The "green cross" set is not applied over a fuselage hinomaru. "Topsys" often didn't have fuselage hinomaru. If they did, it would have been applied in the area around the small window behind the door. However, this particular aircraft has camouflage applied in that area, so no fuselage hinomaru.
There is also a white band that either wrapped or didn't wrap around the fuselage; there is too much dirt in the lower part of the fuselage to be sure.
Finally, note that the aircraft does not seem to have any "J-" civlian registration applied on the fuselage sides. It would have been applied on the area in front of the fuselage door.

The aircraft sports a typical civilian aircraft anti-glare panel on the nose and the marking of the "Nippon Koku Kabushiki Kaisha" (Japan Airways Co.Ltd) on the nose side in front of the cockpit. An airline's sticker with the company logo is on the right.
Judging from the uncamouflaged area, the aircraft was most probably finished in overall IJAAF "hairyokushoku" (gray green) then received a roughly applied green camo with a spray gun.

Last but not least, the aircraft has a rather unusual radio mast; compare with the more common Ki-57 radio mast on the right. There is also something like a box-shaped object in front of the radio loop antenna.